Maintenance and repair of the car is on the LLC "Otabeksupertrans" (LLC "Zhizzahavtotransservis")

 

CONTENTS


INTRODUCTION. ORGANIZATIONAL PART

.1 Feasibility study

.2 Analysis of rolling stock LLC "Otabeksupertrans» (LLC «Zhizzahavtotransservis")

.3 Organization of maintenance and repair of rolling stock

.4 Feature routes LLC "Jizzakhautotransservice" and technical and operational performance. TECHNOLOGICAL PART

.1 Selection and justification of the initial data

.2 Calculation of the production program of maintenance

.3 Determination of daily programs by type TO

.4 Rationale and choice of MOT and car diagnostics

.5 Calculation of annual volume of work of the enterprise

.6 Calculation of the number of production workers

.7 Calculating the number of posts and lines maintenance and repair

.8 Calculation of the area

.9 Settlement areas of warehouse

.10 Calculation of the storage area rolling stock

.11 Definition of areas of support facilities. RESEARCH PART

.1 Optimal technology Body Repair

.2 Scheme selection process Body Repair

.3 Tooling bodywork section

.3 Flow chart for bus body repair ISUZU SAZ NP-37ECONOMIC PART

.1 Calculation of capital cost

.2 Payment of current expenses

.3 Calculation of economic efficiency. HEALTH AND SAFETY

.1 security master plan and production building in body section

.2 Heating Safety in the workplace when the body work

.3 Analysis of harmful and dangerous production factors in body section. PROTECTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

.1 Reduction of toxic emissions car emissions by rationing

.2 Environmental protection in the MOT and diagnostics. CIVIL PROTECTION

.1 Fire safety

.2 Fire safety in the zone TO


any socio-economic system of transportation and communication are essential. For independent Uzbekistan with its huge concentration of raw materials and production resources, transport and communication complex creates prerequisites for economic development.55% of the volume of domestic passenger traffic in recent years, the country performs road transport. This mode of transport is no adequate substitute for the carriage of passengers on short and medium distances, the transport providing retail, manufacturing logistics, construction industry, agro, as well as small businesses.basis for policy maintenance and repair of rolling stock of road transport is scheduled preventive maintenance system and method for aggregate maintenance.is intended to maintain the car in good working condition and in a proper appearance, reduce the intensity of wear parts, prevention of failures and faults, and to identify them in order to timely removal.is prevention activities forcibly routinely runs at specific time or work vehicles.with defective units, nodes, links and details, which involve a threat to safety, should not continue to work or transport to be released on the line. Other faults affecting traffic safety and non-intensive wear or premature failure of parts can be removed after the completion of the transport operation within a removable or daily tasks.requirements of existing vehicles set Rules of technical operation of rolling stock and road transport Traffic Regulations.includes monitoring (diagnostic), fasteners, lubricants, filling, leveling, electrical and other work to be performed, as a rule, without disassembling the units removed from the vehicle and the individual nodes.periodicity, and the complexity of the list of works Car maintenance is divided into the following types:maintenance (DM);first maintenance (M-1);second maintenance (M-2);maintenance (SM).includes oversight aimed at ensuring safety, as well as work to maintain proper appearance, refueling, oil and coolant, and for some types of rolling stock - sanitization body. DM is performed after the work on the motor company (MC) rolling line.and M-2 include control (diagnostic), fixing, adjusting, lubricating and other activities aimed at the prevention and detection of faults, reducing the intensity of derating technical state of rolling stock, fuel economy and other operating materials, reducing the negative impact of cars on the environment.must ensure trouble-free operation units, components and systems for cars within the prescribed periodicities on the effects included in the mandatory list of operations.technical condition and durability of the car depends on the rules of operation (running a new car, his driving techniques, load and maintenance). The main reason for the deteriorating condition of the car is the wear of individual parts, assemblies, mechanisms, devices and assemblies. Depreciation can be divided into two groups: natural and premature.wear appear even with all the rules of operation, regulated by the manufacturer as a result of frictional forces (abrasion), exposure to high temperatures, metal fatigue and chemical effects of various gases, acids and alkalis.to comply with regulations governing causes premature wear of the main reasons for which are: non-compliance running car, untimely and poor maintenance, fast driving on bad roads, failure to comply and start the engine warms up, the use of unsuitable varieties of oils and lubricants.influence on the wear parts have driving mode, road and weather conditions, fuel quality, lubrication, maintenance and driving skills.justifying the optimum mode the car is a list of operations is determined by the coefficient of repeatability, the frequency is set by statistical data path of a vehicle to an acceptable parameter value node unit. Since the mileage limit to the node status is random, the large scatter in the data, and therefore to reduce costs to the receiving frequency is more than the minimum, taking into account the confidence level of probability. At the same time a certain portion of vehicles needed at the specified intervals before, and the overwhelming majority - later. To reduce cost and increase reliability maintenance necessary to carry out work, when the parameter reaches the allowable value. And this is only possible with timely and accurate determination of the technical condition of the car without disassembling. Technical control, which is mainly produced the motor company visually insufficiently effective, evaluation of technical condition depends on the skill of the controller. For objective monitoring devices are necessary, that can be used to identify vehicles that pose a risk at the same time avoiding removing serviceable unit. Instrumental determination of the technical state of the node, without disassembling the unit called diagnosing.condition of the car is characterized by structural parameters (clearance, center-distance, deflection, displacement, linear dimensions, surface state of mating parts, etc.). Interaction of car with the environment and mechanical loading lead to a change of its technical condition. Changes in structural parameters of aggregates car has certain regularities.these problems peculiar and Jizzakh regionon the foregoing, the subject of my final qualifying work find relevant and useful.aim of this work is the final qualifying justification optimal mode the car is on the LLC "Otabeksupertrans" (LLC "Zhizzahavtotransservis")increase the efficiency of activity of "Otabeksupertrans» (LLC «Zhizzahavtotransservis") and successful activities should be solved the following problems:

Development of the motor cjmpany production building sites with the location of existing data and the number of cars;

Development and introduction of a 6-rack lift buses with placing it in the Touring Car division;

Development of working drawings lift;

Describe the principle and the main characteristics of the lift;

Description of possible faults lift and troubleshooting.

. ORGANIZATIONAL PART


1.1 Feasibility study


Limited Liability Company "Otabeksupertrans" refers to enterprises manufacturing areas. The main specialization - passenger transport. Rolling Stock Company is a bus different brands and different capacity.company was formed in 2007 as a private enterprise in place of private enterprise "Navruztrans." In February 2009 it was reorganized as a limited liability entity.March 28, 2014 Limited Liability Company "Otabeksupertrans" reorganization and renamed as LLC "Zhizzahavtotransservis" in this moment of production site, LLC "Zhizzahavtotransservis" is located in the industrial zone of the city Jizzak. This company has 7 work stations, two of which are intended for repair of buses of the middle class; third and fourth positions are intended for repair of large buses; fourth post is repairing suspension; fifth, sixth, seventh positions designed for body and paint work. OOO "Zhizzahavtotransservis" works on the imputed tax system. Located on the premises the following facilities: 1) an office building; 2) parking for storage of rolling stock; 3) repair and servicing base; 4) industrial warehouses; 5) checkpoint.Limited - a legal entity duly registered and engaged in business activities of an entity.company works with organizations and individuals, and performs the carriage of passengers in urban and suburban routes.the territory LLC "Zhizzahavtotransservis" is administrative buildings, maintenance facilities and ancillary facilities. Car storage is carried out on an open parking lot, located on the motor company (MC). The structure consists of MC production, warehouse, residential and office premises.building with a control tower is on the motor company. Mode of operation of LLC "Zhizzahavtotransservis" is 365 days a year.

1.2 Analysis of rolling stock LLC "Otabeksupertrans» (LLC «Zhizzahavtotransservis")

maintenance repair rolling stock

This time on the balance sheet vehicle fleet has 61 buses, «ISUZU» SAZ NP-37, «ISUZU» SAZ NP-21, DAMAS.its inception up to the present time, the company changed its name several times.chairman of LLC "Otabeksupertrans" in December 2009 he was appointed Adiljanov Sherzod that after Jizzakh Polytechnic Institute 5 years working at the enterprise "Jizzakhtrans" chief engineer.this moment the passenger motor company LLC "Otabeksupertrans" reorganization renamed as LLC "Zhizzahavtotransservis" - has 61 units of rolling stock, there are 32 people working. Core business is the transportation of passengers., production and technical base of the enterprise does not meet modern requirements.big drawback is the lack of specialized production building.inspection rolling stock is carried out before leaving the line, while working on the line and when returning cars in the MC.of cars on the line drawn as follows. 600 in the MC come vans delivering drivers. Drivers spend half an hour to start and warm up the engine, vehicle inspection, receipt logs, vehicle refuelling and other petroleum products. In 630 starts automobiles inspection mechanics control auditoria point. Primarily controlled technical condition of influencing traffic safety: steering, brakes and others. Technically sound cars are available on line.LLC "Zhizzahavtotransservis" consists of buses of various brands and different capacity. The table shows the brand and the number of buses.

1.1on the rolling stock, LLC "Zhizzahavtotransservis"

VehicleNumber of units12Buses«ISUZU» SAZ NP-3732«ISUZU» SAZ NP-211DAMAS28

1.3 Organization of maintenance and repair of rolling stock


Daily maintenance on the MC produced in-line method. The first and second maintenance performed on dead-end positions.maintenance includes such works as mechanized car washing, wiping or blowing air vehicles, refuelling vehicles oil and water, control air pressure in the tires and pumping air to normal.M-1 produced maintenance work on power systems, checking, fixing and adjusting work, electrical work, tire, lubricants, gas and cleaning work.on the M-2 produced fastening, adjusting work and service power system maintenance work on the brake system, steering and suspension, as well as lubricants, refueling and cleaning work. Returning to the line vehicles are inspected duty mechanic. Serviceable cars are sent to the DM and storage area. Cars to be the next maintenance and faulty after washing directed to the appropriate positions diagnosis, maintenance and repair, or to the waiting area.and osmotrovye work performed mechanic control technical points and the driver. Washing and cleaning work - a specialized team, which includes cleaners, washers and obtirschiki. Gas works - the driver. Acceptance of work performed by the driver or Drover. Selective control - quality department employees.M-1 cars are common diagnosis D-1 to detect faults and determine the status of units and systems to ensure safety. In case of troubleshooting before they are eliminated M-1 in the complex corrective maintenance (CM). M-1 is performed by a specialized team. Quality control is carried foreman M-1 and a representative of the quality department.one or two days before the M-2 cars head on in-depth diagnosis of D-2 for troubleshooting purposes, the elimination of which requires a lot of maintenance. These problems can be solved until the M-2complex in the CM. All the work of M-2 (routine maintenance and related repairs) done by specialized teams on the production line or the dead-end positions depending on the program. Quality control is carried foreman M-2 and a representative of the quality department.the beginning of the shift driver inspects the car, make sure it is operating normally and performs operations on DM.


1.4 Feature routes LLC "Jizzakhautotransservice" and technical and operational performance


On Table 1.2 presents the structure and composition of the workers LLC "Zhizzahavtotransservis."

1.2workers LLC "Zhizzahavtotransservis"

WorkersNumber of manEngineering staff4Drivers61Maintenance workers32

OOO "Zhizzahavtotransservis" provides passenger transportation in urban and suburban routes of varying lengths. The main city routes, organized LLC "Zhizzahavtotransservis" this number routes 9 and 35. Moreover, the carriage of passengers carried on the routes for organizations and enterprises of the city, called duty routes.number of flights per year buses represented in Figure 1.1.

1.3number of flights operated buses for the year

YearsNumber of hauls2009262338,92010266855,22011273408,32012283425,82013280429,2

1.1 - Total number of hauls

total mileage of buses is presented in Table 1.4.

1.4total mileage of buses

YaersThe total mileage of buses, km20097215918,11420107383172,57120117537830,42820127767527,21720137795796,249

1.2-Total distance buses

fuel consumption of the rolling stock, LLC "Zhizzahavtotransservis" is presented in Table 1.5.

1.5consumption

YearsConsumption of diesel fuel, litr2009147631420101703431201119506082012258398220132740057the graph (Figure 1.3) shows that the fuel consumption diesel cars increases. This is due to changes in the structure of the bus fleet. Conducted by LLC "Zhizzahavtotransservis" policy on replacement of the bus fleet, gasoline powered buses with diesel engine has a number of advantages. First, the reduced fuel costs. Second, use the buses with diesel engine economically advantageous due to the low fuel consumption car. Thirdly, a diesel engine compared to a carburettor, has less adverse environmental impact.


1.3 Total fuel consumption

total mileage of buses with passengers is presented in Table 7.

1.6total mileage of buses with passengers

YearsThe total mileage of passengers, km20096490983,37420106634533,01120116781510,82820126990709,48720137016890,379

1.4 Total distance passengers

. TECHNOLOGICAL PART


2.1 Selection and justification of the initial data

maintenance repair rolling stock

1.Initial data for calculation of accept a feasibility study. In the long term management of the enterprise provides fleet renewal and planned to purchase 60 buses ISUZU. Proceeding from the above calculations supremely proizvozhu for bus fleet of 121 buses:

. The design City - Jizzakh.

. Balance number of cars - 121 buses.

. Average daily mileage - 260 km

. Mileage since new - 1,6 thousand km

. Buses:


«ISUZU» SAZ NP-3788«ISUZU» SAZ NP-2125«ISUZU» SAZ NP-268

. Projected land-body section.number of days the rolling stock on the line adopted by 365 days. The number of buses on the line shifts receive one shift. Working hours 10:00 accept. Category for operation in hilly cities more than 100 thousand inhabitants accept III.


2.2 Calculation of the production program of maintenance

program MC maintenance is characterized by a number of technical services, planned for a certain period of time (year, day).method of calculating production program involves selection and adjustment of frequency M-1, M-2 and run to capital repair rolling stock designed for MC, payment number and capital repair for 1 car per cycle, that is to run the CD ratio calculation conversion from cycle to year and, based on counting the number of values obtained and capital repair per cycle for 1 car park for the whole year.MC plan on the basic parameters set for the calendar year, and production program for each type then rely on year. The program serves as a basis for determining the annual volume of work required MC and state workers.

Adjustments to regulatory periodicity maintenance and mileage to the capital repair. Mileage to the i-th species is then determined by the formula:


(1)

- standard mileage to the i-th type of maintenance;

coefficient taking into account the category of vehicle operating;

coefficient taking into account the climatic conditions;

К1 = 0,8; К2 =0,9

to the average daily mileage proizvozhu follows:



where - average mileage, km;

the number of the capital repair, for one car per cycle. Specifies the number of overhauls and maintenance for one car per cycle using the following formulas:



Determining the number of maintenance for one car and the entire park for the year. Define technical readiness coefficient applied to the repair cycle by the formula:


dТОиТР - days of downtime in the maintenance and capital repair, day/1000 km to accept payments dТоиТР=0,30;- number of days of inactivity car capital repair accept DK = 18 days.

Based on the calculated values of ?T define possible annual vehicle mileage formula:


of work days per year =365 days.

The transition rate from cycle to year determined by the formula:



Number maintenance on one car per year determined by the formula:



Number maintenance the entire park for the year determined by the formula:


- balance number of vehicles.

Determination of the number of diagnostic effects of D-1 and D-2 for the entire park for the year. Number of diagnostic effects of D-1 and D-2 for the entire park for the year determined by the formula:




2.3 Determination of daily programs by type maintenance


The daily program of fleet determined by the formula:





.4 Rationale and choice of maintenance and car diagnostics


The criterion for selecting the method of maintenance is a daily production program for each type of service similar cars. Diagnosing D-1 is organized on separate posts (selected diagnostics D-1). With a daily program of more than 100 cars DM provides service on the line. M-1 and M-2 is produced on the lines.

M-1 - line- line- line


2.5 Calculation of annual volume of work of the enterprise

to regulatory complexity. Adjustments to regulatory complexity was producing in the following order:

Define the complexity of the formula DM:


Км - coefficient mechanization factor considering reducing labor by mechanization DM;

К4 - coefficient taking into account the size of the MC.- regulatory complexity M-1 and M-2.

КМ=0,6; К4=1,2; tDMH=0,80

frequency determined by the formula M-1and M-2:


regulatory complexity adjusted current repairs:


- factor considering mileage vehicles since the beginning of operation.

complexity of diagnosing D-1 is determined by the following formula:



complexity of diagnosing D-1 is determined by the following formula:



complexity of seasonal maintenance is determined by the formula:


?=30%.

where ? - share work with, from the complexity of M-2, %.

of annual volumes of activities of maintenance, diagnosis and CR. The annual volume of production activities of maintenance, diagnosis and repair of current determined by the formula:











Годовой объём производственных работ определяю по формуле:



of auxiliary labor costs for the enterprise. Annual volume of auxiliary labor costs, which include ongoing care for buildings and facilities, equipment repair, equipment, the enterprise is determined by the formula:


2.1 shows the distribution of self-service works by type of activity.

2.1of self-service works by type of activity

types of jobslabor content, %labor content, person-hourmechanical10,02991,259968Hand16,04786,015949Forging2,0598,2519936welding4,01196,503987tinsmith4,01196,503987coppersmith1,0299,1259968Electrical25,07478,14992Piping (locksmith)22,06580,77193Repair and construction and woodworking16,04786,015949TOTAL100,029912,59968complexity of the general production work for a large share of service jobs, as workers have to provide daily production of all necessary.composition and the approximate distribution of overhead work mix in Table 2.2.

2.2composition and the approximate distribution of overhead work

types of jobslabor content, %labor content, person-hourblack gang12,05383,067942cleaners12,05383,067942Storekeepers14,06280,245933Drivers peregonschiki30,013457,66986general workers32,014354,84785TOTAL100,044858,89952distribution of annual volumes of works on and capital repair (CR) works on industrial zones and areasand CR distributed at his place of execution by technological and organizational characteristics. And TS performed on fasting and production sites. To include guards work and TS performed directly on the car. Checking and repair units, mechanisms, assemblies removed from the vehicle, performing on.distribution of annual volume of work is presented in Table 2.3.

2.3volume of work on MC

DMM-1M-2CRТсам?Тguards Cleaning washers wiping diagnostic Fixing Thrust Lubricants, refueling, cleaning Electrical By the system power bus Body Razborochno-assembly 10255,77 7976,71 4558,12 - - - - - - - - - - - - 1212,71 7276,2624 1364,2992 3031,776 909,5328 454,7664 909,5328 - - - - - 1149,984 10119,86 1609,98 2069,97 1379,98 689,9904 3219,955 - - - - - 3238,24 - 3238,24 - - - - - 40478 - - - - - - - - - - - - 10255,77 7976,71 4558,12 5600,9344 17396,12 6212,5192 5101,746 2289,5128 1144,7568 4129,4878 - 40478TOTAL22790,615158,8820239,7246954,48-105143,68precinct aggregate Mechanical fitter Electrical Cordless By the system power Tire Changers vulcanization Forging and for springs coppersmith welding tinsmith reinforcement Joinery Painting Upholstery- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - 689,9904 689,9904 689,9904 689,9904 - - - - - - - - -25905,92 12952,96 12952,96 1619,12 4857,36 4857,36 3238,24 4857,36 3238,24 8095,6 8095,6 8095,6 - 12952,96 3238,24- 7777,3 - - - - - 598,252 299,126 1196,5 1196,5 - - - -25905,92 20730,26 13642,95 2309,1104 5547,3504 5547,3504 3238,24 5455,612 3537,366 9292,1 9292,1 8095.6 - 12952.96 3238.24TOTAL--2759,96114957,5211067,68128785,16Lots of self-care: electro technical Pipeline Repair and construction - - - - - - - - - - - - 7478,15 6580,77 4786 7478.15 6580.77 4786TOTAL----18844,9218844,92TOTAL22790,615158,8822999,6816191229912,6252773,76

2.6Calculation of the number of production workers


For production workers include working areas and areas directly performing work and CR rolling stock. Foundation depends on the duration and the number of shifts working days a year. Annual Fund-time "regular" worker determines the actual time spent executing directly in the workplace.

2.4of the number of workers

Name areas and shopsAnnual volume of work on the zone or areaРТaccepted number РТФРNumber of full-time employeesTotalreassignmentratedadoptedZone M and CR: - DM Zone - Zone M-1 - Zone D-2 - ZonaD-1 - Area M-2 - CR zone (posts) 22790,6 15158,88 2508,48 23902,032 20239,72 46954,48 11 7 1 12 12 23 11 7 1 12 12 23 6 4 1 6 6 12 1780 1780 1780 1780 1780 1730 13 9 2 14 14 27 13 9 2 14 14 27TOTAL6666357979Industrial areas: - aggregate - Electrical Engineering - battery - By the system power - tire - vulcanising - coppersmith - welding - Forging and mechanical suspension - Mechanical fitter - carpenter - Reinforce-body - wallpaper - painter - sheet metal 25905,92 13642,95 6264,9 2309,1104 5547,3504 3238,24 3537,366 9292,1 5455,612 20730,26 - 8095.6 3238.24 12952.96 9292,1 12 7 3 1 3 2 2 4 3 10 - 4 2 6 4 12 7 3 1 3 2 2 4 3 10 - 4 2 6 4 6 3 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 5 2 1 3 2 1780 1780 1730 1730 1780 1730 1730 1730 1730 1780 1780 1780 1780 1760 1780 15 8 4 1 3 2 2 5 3 12 5 2 7 5 15 8 4 1 3 2 2 5 3 12 5 2 7 5TOTAL6262317373- repair and construction - steam piping - Electrical Engineering4786 6580,77 7478,152 3 42 3 41840 1840 18403 4 43 4 4TOTAL991111TOTAL137137144144of workers needed technologically determined by the formula:

of workers needed technologically determined by the formula:


Фм - annual fund temporary jobs or technologically necessary working in one shift, hour.

Annual Fund-time job or technologically necessary working hours for a six-day working week is:


Фм=(Дкг-Дв-Дм)7-Дпп1, час


Фм=(365-52-7)7-561=2086 ч

According to calculations, the annual fund-time one workstation will be Фм = 2086 hour.of the number of workers on the MC mix in the table 2.4.


2.7 Calculating the number of posts and lines maintenance and capital repair


Mode of operation zones maintenance and repair. Mode of operation zones maintenance depends on the mode rolling stock on the line.DM and M-1, operated in time between replacement duration defined service areas of intragarage release schedule and return vehicles. Duration time between replacement for uniform release vehicles can be determined:



where ТН - duration of the cars on the line, hour;

То - Lunchtime driver, hour;

ТВ - duration producing cars on line, hour.

zones assigned to one shift. To assign a M-2 in 1 shift. Daily posts of this mode assign repair in 1 shift. Production shops operate in one shift.production:



where Тоб - duration of the zone for this type of M within days, ;

С - the number of shifts;

batch production lines used for M-1and M-2. Tact line is then determined by the formula:



where Рл - the total number of technologically necessary working on the line M, person.number of workers on the line defined by the formula:


Рл=Хл РсрХл - number of posts on the line, adjustable for technological reasons, in accordance with the distribution of works of this kind of service; Рср - the average number of workers in the post.

Рл1=4 2=8 man

Рл2=4 2=8 manline is equal to:

number of lines is determined by the relation service:



length of the production line defined by the formula:



zone calculation. Tact DM line defined by the formula:



where Nу - washing plant performance, the bus/hour;у=40 bus/hour. - for buses.

of posts on the line DM 2 posts.of lines:



of the number of posts D-1 and D-2. Number of specialized posts diagnosing the D-1 and D-2 defined by the formula:



where Тд - annual diagnostic work, person-hour;

Драб. г. - number of working days in the area of diagnosis;

Тсм - duration of change, hour;

С - number of change;

Рд - the number of workers in the post, man;

?д =0,85…0,90 - utilization of working time post diagnosis.

the number of posts the current repair


? - coefficient of irregularity of cars on the positions CM, ?=1,2…1,5. accept ?=1,5;

ТТРп - annual guards work CR, person-hour;

Драб. г. - number of days of work per year zone CR;

Тсм - duration of change, hour;

С - number of change (2…3);

Рп - the number of workers in the post, man;

?п =0,85…0,90 - utilization of working time post.

CR specialize by type of work performed:

Universal posts - 2 post;

Posts transmission repair, brakes, steering and suspension - 6 posts;

Post control and brake adjustment - 1 post;

Post adjustment and control wheel alignment 1 - Lent;

Engine repair stations and systems - 1 positions.of posts expectations. Posts expectations - it posts that cars requiring some form or another and CR, waiting queue to go to the appropriate post or production line. These posts provide stable operation and CR zones, eliminating to some extent on the uneven cars and CR.number of posts is as follows:

Before the line DM - starting from 15 ... 20% of the time line capacity of DM;

Before the M-1- based on 10 ... 15% of the replacement program;

Before the M-2 starting from 30 ... 40% of the replacement program;

CR before proceeding from 20 ... 30% of the number of posts CR.


Since the company has covered parking for storage of buses, the posts waiting in front lines do not provide M.the number of storage locations (parking) cars. Car-seat storage can be assigned to specific vehicles or impersonal.of car-storage locations when attaching them for the scheduling of matches car park. At MC take possession rolling stock without securing parking places.



Choice of a rational number at post M and CR. The number of simultanDMusly working on Harvesting washing zone positions DM take 6 people. Positions on M-1and M-2 concurrent set depending on the method of organization M: on the production lines 4 people. For specialized positions diagnosing D-1 and D-2 the number of workers in the post 2 people. The number of simultaneously running for CR taken depending on the type of rolling stock: for buses 2 people.


2.8 Calculation of the area


To premises. Square MC functional purpose are divided into three main groups: production, storage, storage rolling stock and support.and storage - area M and CR, production sites CR, warehouses, as well as technical areas of energy and sanitation services, and devices (compressor, transformer, etc.).rolling stock - parking area, the surface area occupied by equipment for heating, frames and other passages of floor.- sanitary and domestic, catering facilities, public health, cultural services and communication, training sessions and public organizations.of the area zones M and CR. Area zones M and CR is given by:



where fа - the area occupied by the vehicle in terms of, m2;

Х - number of posts;

КП - density ratio placement positions, for calculations accept Кп=4,5.fooCMrint of the car in terms defined by the formula:



where Ш - car width, to accept payments over the width of the bus ISUZU SAZ NP-37, Ш =2,5 m;- length of the car, to accept payments over the length of the bus ISUZU SAZ NP-37, L =7,0 м.

Number of posts to accept zones without waiting positions, as the company has covered parking for car storage:

area M-1:

area M-2

CR zone area:

DM zone area:

Area D-1 zone:

D-2 zone:

of the area of industrial sites. Area of industrial sites by counting the specific area per production worker of the number of simultanDMusly working on a plot by the formula:



where fp1 - specific area per worker, m2;- specific area in subsequent work stations, m2;

РТ - technological concurrent to the greatest change.fitter mechanical part:

Forge-size portion of spring:

Land area coppersmith:

Area of sheet metal section:

Area welding area:

Size of wallpaper section:

reinforcing portion:

area of electrical:

paint area:

Lot size tire changer:

Area vulcanization area:

size battery:

Land area repair the power supply system:

aggregate area:

Area bodywork section:


2.9 Settlement areas of warehouse


Calculation of storage space on specific standards for mileage. Settlement areas of warehouse made on a specific area of 1 million kilometers rolling stock is determined by the formula:



where Lг - annual mileage cars, km;

Аи - Balance number of vehicles;уд - the specific area of the warehouse to 1 million kilometres, m2;

КПС- coefficient taking into account the type of rolling stock;

Кр - coefficient taking into account the number of vehicles;

Краз - factor considering rolling stock miscellaneous branded.





2.10 Calculation of the storage area rolling stock


Vehicles, storage space is determined by the formula:



where Аст - Balance number of vehicles;

КП - density ratio arrangement cars, accept for payment КП=2,5.


2.11 Definition of areas of support facilities

facilities - administrative, household, community - are the subject of architectural design and construction must comply with design standards and regulations.approximate composition of ancillary facilities provided for by the MC as follows:offices:

For senior staff (director, chief engineer, chief operation);

Departments (technical, planning, operational, accounting, etc.);

Dispatch, elegant, chauffeur, shop offices, facilities director of the colony, and pass protection watchdog;

Non-governmental organizations - trade unions, as well as classrooms, meeting and recreation.administrative offices is calculated from the state administrative apparatus to the following standards:

Departments working rooms - 4 m2 per worker in the room;

Rooms - from 10 to 15% of working rooms depending on the number of employees.space for drivers to determine the rate of the simultanDMus presence of 30% of drivers working in the most populous change per 1 m2 per person, but not less than 18 m2 total area.of the premises to rescue drivers determined the rate of 3 m2 per attendant.the territory MC detached two-storey administrative building.: cloakroom, showers, washrooms, toilets, smoking, eating establishments, clinics.of public spaces at rates calculated based on the number of employees.stored in closed closets all kinds of clothes number of individual cabinets is taken to be working on all shifts. Dimensions for closed stationary locker for storing clothes following: depth - 0.5 m, width - 0,33 m, floor area dressing one locker - 0.25 mbuildings designed MC envisage dressing with the number of lockers for workers - 50, -100 for drivers. Then make a dressing room area: 177.2 sqmof shower screens and taps in washrooms is determined by the number of employees in most large change depending on the group of the production process of calculation from 3 to 15 people per shower and from 7 to 20 people per tap. Floor space on one shower with dressing room is taken equal to 2 m2, one sink - 0.8 m2 at their sole location.of shower rooms for workers to accept MC design 12 showers. Number of shower rooms for drivers take to design 12. Overall shower area will be: (12 +12) 2 = 62 sq.m.space is taken equal to 2.0 WC x3, 0 per cabin. The bathrooms, number of cabins with toilets at work in the most populous accept change rate of one stall for 5 women and 1 in 10 men at the cabin, the number of booths for drivers - at the rate of drivers traveling in the period of maximum production of the vehicles. Cabin size 1,2 x0, 9 m distance from the most remote workstation must be no more than 75 min the MC: (125 +192 +110) / 30 = 14, 14 for design accept. Area toilets: 14 2 3 = 84 sq.m.area is determined based on an employee in most big change: 0.03 m2 - for men and 0.01 m2 - for women, but not less than 9 m2. Distance from jobs to smoking should not exceed 75 mrooms on MC: 0,03 121 = 3.63 meters, design accept 4 sq.m.support facilities should be considered as the area of technical facilities, which are calculated in each case on the relevant standards, depending on the system adopted for heating, water and ventilation.accept the compressor room area of 15 m2, for pumping - 10 m2, ventiljatornaja - 20 m2, transformer - 15 m2. Boiler house and coal storage is not provided as heating in the building MC centralized.the total area of MC by the formula:


(57)



. RESEARCH PART


3.1 Optimal technology Body Repair


Body repair technology provides a set of measures aimed at the implementation of quality car repairs. Body repair technology determined by the degree and extent of damage, as well as cooperates depending on the goals and objectives. So the optimal body repair technology with significant damage is to replace metal parts. For minor injuries chips, scratches, abrasions, the technology of the local body repair, where exposures are directly affected area, but not the entire piece in its entirety. When this body repair technology also provides a local painting eliminating defects. In addition, the technology provides for the restoration of body repair parts by embossing the surface aligned as possible options to avoid having to applying a thick layer of putty.repair technology with complex lesions of the body, accompanied by his skewed or breach geometry, provides pre-reduction options, followed by replacement parts. Reverse body repair technology is not provided. Compliance with recommended elements in the body repair work regardless of its complexity is a guarantee of quality work.section is intended to correct defects and malfunctions body that occur during operation. On site kuzovnom restore their original shape and strength of repaired body, and also perform work to maintain the body and its mechanisms in good technical condition.this area is carried out sheet metal and welding Fittings and body works, which include operations for disassembly, assembly, welding and straightening damaged panels, body parts and mechanisms can be carried out repairs of radiators, fuel tanks, as well as springs and wheel rims. There also needed to produce replacement body parts: panel inserts, patches, etc.repair sheet metal work (removal of dents, cracks, tears) mudguards, front hood, radiator facings, doors and other parts of the body, as well as partial manufacture simple parts to repair replace dilapidated. Panel is a progressive method of repair, providing a complete replacement of the damaged item or part of the body.assembly operations include removal and installation of doors, panels or individual body parts, tools, glass and other removable parts. Partial disassembly of the body to repair its parts is carried out to the extent necessary to ensure quality execution of all maintenance operations. For body assembly after repair, including the installation of parts and components to the body (doors, fenders, panels), use different sets of equipment, tools and a set of templates.operation depending on the nature of the damage is to eliminate irregularities in the deformed surfaces, as well as in correcting distortion gDMmetric dimensions of the body (distortions).operations are an integral part of the sheet metal-body work. Almost all repair operations require the use of welding in a given volume. body use on site gas, arc and spot welding. For repair welding is used for removing the damaged area, straightening work, installing new parts or areas of the body and additional details (amplifier boxes, pads, liners, etc.), as well as welding cracks, gaps and holes with or without the imposition of patching depending on the size and condition of the damaged surface.works include repairs of all the mechanisms of the body (locks, door hinges, windows, etc.), as well as repairs of windows and glass replacement. Renovated and assembled mechanism put in place followed by adjustment. When replacing the glass used tools for assembly of glass, wood and rubber mallet, mandrel.section provide the necessary documentation, including technical cards on main activities and associated equipment.main elements of the manufacturing process body repair are:

Preparation of the body to repair (washing, dismantling, removing coatings, determination of repairs);

Renovation of the old and new parts manufacturing, as well as the creation of an adequate supply of components and parts for repair and procurement departments for uninterruptible power supply repair and assembly areas of the body;

Implementation of body repairs on the principle of interchange ability of parts and components removed from the body.basic elements of the manufacturing process are carried out on the basis of mutual coordination and procurement of all major sites. The manufacturing process also includes training of repair facilities; organization service jobs; receiving and storing repair fund materials, semi-spare parts; all stages of repair and body assembly and its components, transportation of parts and assemblies.the design of the body have different requirements, some of which are common to all types of bodies, and some depend on the purpose of the body.general requirements include the provision of: good visibility for the driver and passengers, the tightness of the body that does not allow penetration into the body moisture and IPT; Body strength housing elements and their compounds, allowing to perceive acting on the body load and voltage with minimal deformation of the structure and form; disassembly and repair capabilities hidden under the body of the car mechanisms and free access to them; technological hull design, convenient for assembly, finishing, maintenance and repair, and parts there of shall be simple to manufacture; beautiful appearance of the car.design of the body is not allowed pockets of moisture. Not allowed as rattling and creaking body. Of great importance is the body performance, the ability of the body to be repaired with a minimum expenditure of time.main objectives of overhaul of the car body are full checks of the construction and equipment of the body; Troubleshooting and recovery of strength properties of the body and its reliability; repair or replacement of damaged structural elements of the car body and its equipment.process overhaul body is determined by its design features. Repair starts with the inspection body for acceptance it repaired to identify feasibility body repair, verify its completeness and detection of visible without dismantling the body damage. After washing the body is pre-inspection, the purpose of which ascertain the status and feasibility of repair of parts and components subject to mandatory removal from the body (glass, interior upholstery, etc.). After preliminary Troubleshooting perform general dismantling of the body. With a total disassembly disconnect and remove all installed on the body shell assemblies, components and parts. Unparsed remains only body shell. When cleaning the exterior of the body to its disassembly not washed surface, closed interior panels, body floor, assemblies and parts mounted on the body.and cleaned the body and tail of the car is sent to the site of old paint removal; units and components to be repaired in other shops, is sent to the warehouse storage units awaiting repair.; fittings, upholstery and other parts and body parts that need repair - in the specialized department of the body shop. On a plot of collation also receives refurbished and new parts installed on the body instead of discarded when it is built.removing the old paint is subjected to detailed monitoring body at which indicate the nature of damage to a body when it is operating. Then the body acts on the site of repair. Renovated box is pre-assembled, with the body hung on the door panel set, feathers and other parts to be painted with the body. Then the body paint and final assembly.


3.2 Scheme selection process Body Repair


Preparing the body for the repair is carried out in accordance with the scheme of the process of repairing and includes disassembly, removal of coatings, damage detection and repair work. Dismantling body runs for two consecutive times:

. Removal from the bodies of all units and components installed on his body from the inside and the outside.

. Dismantling body to repair after removal of paint and to identify any damages in the case.of the body to repair its parts is carried out to the extent necessary to ensure quality execution of all maintenance operations. Metal welded body shell does not understand. Unfit panel cut out and replaced with new repair parts. Technological processes in body repair are usually designed in accordance with the specifications that contain requirements of major assemblies and parts of the body, the permissible methods of recovery and the data required to monitor them after repair.of the car when the old paint is recommended to remove it from the body to repair, as often hidden under the paint damage (dents, cracks and other defects). Removing the old paint is also one of the first steps of surface preparation for the application of the new body paint.removing the old paint body undergoes careful monitoring in order to identify areas needing repair, and determine the amount of repair work directly on the body, the so-called flaw.of the technical state of (testing) Body usually carried out in accordance with the technical specifications for its repair. The accepted method of fault detection and thoroughness of its performance depends heavily on the quality of repair. Flaw detection of a body and its parts are organized in the areas of the provisional body disassembly and Divisions repair.the detection of cracks and determine stocking density articulated parts used parts tapping method, which is based on the definition of tone sound when a hammer rapping parts. By changing the pitch of the sound can identify cracks and loose connections. In some places, the bearing members of the body due to the accumulation of fatigue and a significant hardening of the metal due to work hardening, which appeared in the process of re-repair panels, there are hairline cracks that can be detected with a magnifying glass with a four-or six-fold increase, and the best with a dye penetrant. Surface to be checked previously degreased by wiping with a clean cloth dipped in gasoline; then covered with red paint; wipe dry with a painted surface and cover with the help of white paint spray gun. Using dye penetrant can check the state of the metal in the most critical areas of the body. If there is a crack on the surface, the red paint lingers in it, visible through the white paint, revealing the contour of the crack.on the nature of the metal body repair damage done:

The elimination of irregularities in the panels and distortion geometric dimensions of the body;

Elimination of damage to cells bearing the body frame;

Replacement of the destroyed body parts with new parts;

Welding cracks and breaks.irregularities in the body panels and plumage are currently engaged in three main ways: mechanical impact on metal (pressure treatment); thermal influence on the metal panels; hardens quickly plastics. The main requirements for car bodies are as follows: line formed by two or more surfaces of the body panels should be smooth; faceplates subjected to repair Align carefully, all traces of straightening and welding, and places that can not be straightening filled plastic mass to complete their alignment. Doors, fenders, hood and other body parts should be strengthened reliably and without distortions. Mismatch of the mating surfaces must not exceed the tolerance. Not allowed creaks noise jamming rotating parts and assemblies, backlash in the loops, self opening doors while driving and other deviations from the normal state assemblies and parts of the body, agreed specifications. Glass should not have defects that distort the profile path, yellowing and cracking.3.1 is a flow diagram of the execution body work.


3.1 - Technological diagram of the execution body work.

body should be taut; backwardness, sagging, wrinkles and creases are not allowed. Screws securing the trim and cladding parts should be wrapped without distortions, and their heads should not have burrs. Upholstery color should be in harmony with the color of decorative paint finishes. Not allowed warping cab interior upholstery.finishes must be monochromatic, without spots, with a smooth sheen without streaks of paint, rowan, cracks, scratches from the grinding tool and the like. Chipped paint on the edges are not permitted.


3.3 Tooling bodywork section

to main body shop equipment include:

Lifts;

Jacks;

Grinder;

Welding equipment;

Stands for dismantling, body assembly;

Stands for the repair and straightening of car bodies;

Installations for the anticorrosive coating;

machine work piece, bending, flanging, grooving and cutting sheet material;

Racks for tools;

Shelving for parts and assemblies;

Welding table for work;

Table for gas welding works;

Bench for body and sheet metal work with a set of tools;

Trolley to move the body.of necessary equipment and tooling designed bodywork section is given in Table 3.1.

3.1equipment bodywork section

Name of equipmentType, brandNumberTripper electromechanicalП-1291Hydraulic jack garageП-1301Grinding machine reversible dust collectors33Б or ЗИЛ-9001inverter weldingПСО-300Д1Welding transformer odnopostovojСТШ-3001Stand for repair and straightening of car bodiesР-612М или Р-6201Table for electric weldingОКС-7523 (Russia)1Table for gas welding works7547 (Russia)1Trolley for moving bodyИЭ-70 (Russia)1Workbench for body and sheet metal work (with kit)«Клесто-1» (Czech Republic)1Stand for fitting glass doors Car1

The materials used for the bodywork:

Sandpaper;

Putty;

Corrosion mastics;

Protective, mastics;

Compressed air;

Metal work piece;

Glue, etc.used in the process of bodywork:

Hammers;

Support;

Hydraulic pump;

Hydraulic wedges;

Rack;

Wrenches;

Brackets;

Straightening hammer;

adaptation to insert locks, glass, rubber;

Cylindrical clamp.


3.3 Flow chart for bus body repair ISUZU SAZ NP-37

3.2 shows a flow chart on the bus body repair ISUZU» SAZ NP-37.


Table 3.2chart for bus body repair

№Name and content of workplace of performanceSeats impactLabour capacity (person-minutes)Appliances, tools, devicesTechnical requirementsDisassembly body1Removing upholsteryinside the body10,8manually2Removing the fuel tankfrom above20,6manually3Washing and drying bodyFrom above, from below, inside11,2Elevatorbody should be washed with shampoo and blow dry. Residual moisture around the bumpers and door mirrors dry warm air from the vacuum cleaner.4Disassembly of the car bodyFrom above, from below10,9load-carrying conveyorOn a conveyor belt from the body remove the door boot lid, grille, electric buffer, glazing, fittings and other components and spare parts. To remove the units chassis with a body mounted on a car lift5Removing the door from the bodylaterally20,5manuallyTo remove the door, open it to the maximum possible angle and lock into position suitable fence or slings lifting mechanism. Disconnect lever limited door at the front of the bracket body and pull axis. Remove the door.6Removing glass lifting nicknamefrom above20,312х13, key, wedge, screwdriverLoosen the screws securing the top scenes; disconnect the rocker from the glass; raise your glass up; inhibit it in this position by means of a click timber interposed between the glass and the inner door panel flange; remove the two screws that secure; Unscrew the fixing screws and remove the window from the door windows.7Removing the sliding window on the door zadaysfrom above10,3manuallylower glass (broken glass at lower glass holder); Remove door trim; unscrew the screws that secure the cage to the wings; remove the upper guide groove detach the stand sliding window from above and from below; remove the rack on the door; remove dull glass with gasket; picking up the glass, remove it8Removal and dismantling door hingeslaterally20,5manuallyIn the event of a large backlash in the hinge loop to remove the door from the body, then disconnect from the door hinges and dismantle them.9Removing the front fenderfrom above10,212х13, key, screwdriverunscrew the screws on the right and left; unscrew the two nuts; forwards to remove buffer10Removing the hood and hood lockfrom above20,2key 12х13open the hood; unscrew the four bolts fastening the hood to the hinges; remove hood11Removing the front wingfrom above10,3remove the front buffer; lift the hood; Unscrew and remove the 5 screws along the top flange of the wing; unscrew one nut in the bottom of the rear wing; remove the grommet nut and washer; doors open at unscrew one bolt in the wing bolt and remove the gasket remote; Unscrew and remove the three bolts in the front, connecting flanges of the wings; remove the wing12Removing the grille mudguardsfrom above20,3key 12х13remove the front buffer; Unscrew the two screws and mudguard part to the sub-spars to unscrew the three screws securing the left and right front fenders with mudguard; open the hood and remove the two screws on the top panel mudguard to mudguard remove radiator grille13Removal and adjustment of the boot lid and the torsion barsfrom above10,4Adjustable wrench assembly shovelDismantling torsion perform when fortified in the open position the trunk lid (this can be done with wooden slats, struts) remove the torsion bars on the support; mounting a shovel (or use a wrench) gently bring the movable end of the torsion bar out of engagement with the movable member and the loop is gradually moving blade, enable to take torsion free position; also release the second torsion bar. After this operation, if necessary, remove the lid of the trunk. Check condition of plugs torsion (by visual inspection) and the presence in them abundant lubrication. If necessary, a sleeve or is replaced by a new refill or grease.14Removing the instrument panelfrom above10,2wrenchTo remove the instrument panel must first dismantle the parts and components: 1. Strip inclined racks wind window by removing 3 screws. 2. Facing blowing wind window right and left, held spring holders, remove from the slots dashboard. 3. Remove the bottom casing, taxiing column by removing the screws. 4. Remove the 2 screws on the steering column and disconnect the steering column from the instrument panel. 5. Remove the 2 screws on the instrument panel in the area of ??the steering column from the steering column bracket. 6. Remove trim gear lever on the dashboard console. 7. Remove the 4 screws from the front ashtray and remove it. 8. Remove the 2 nuts to the dashboard console. 9. Unscrew 4 screws pos. 10 panel mounting in the top of the zone facing blowing wind window. 10. Unscrew 2 screws pos. 13, a bottom panel fastening the right and left corners of the side uprights. 11. 2 Remove the heater control knob, unscrew the two screws securing the trim panel and remove it. 12. Remove the lower left side of the front rack by removing 3 screws. 13. Remove bolt bracket relay block and remove the unit from the frets. 14. Unscrew all the screws that secure the wire bundle to the units and devices, disconnect all the connectors in the engine compartment. 15. Loosen sleeve fixing the wiring harness from the engine compartment. 16. Detach the instrument panel of the bulkhead, and disconnect hoses corrugated two lateral and one central nozzle blowing. 17. Remove the instrument panel along with a bundle of wires from the car.15Dismantling of the dashboard consolefrom above10,2wrench, key 9х121. Remove trim gear lever. 2. Unscrew 4 screws front ashtray and remove it. 3. Unscrew Peridium bolt to the floor console. 4. Remove the 2 nuts to the dashboard console under the ashtray. 5. Open the armrest and remove the cassette holder together with a rug. 6. Remove the 2 screws that secure the rear of the console to the floor inside the compartment armrest. 7. 2 Remove the pipe blowing the rear of the console. 8. Raise the parking brake lever to the top position. 9. Raise the rear of the console to remove the console from the studs instrument panel in the front. 10. Remove the console of the car.16Removing the motor heaterfrom above10,5wrenchRemove the lower right instrument extensions; disconnect the connector from the motor; unscrew the three screws; remove the motor rotor downwards; loosen the locking screw fastening the rotor and remove it from the motor shaft; loosen the two nuts and remove the drive motor and gasket17Removing heaterfrom above10,6Manually, wrenchmove to the far right lever mixer heater and drain the engine cooling system and heat exchanger; Unscrew the locking clamps and disconnect the inlet and outlet hoses from the heat exchanger tubes; remove the rubber seals tubes; loosen the bolt fixing flexible rod holders on tap; remove draft from the tap; Remove the handle and lever actuator; Remove the two screws and remove the trim actuator; Remove the instrument panel; loosen the two nuts heater; disconnect the wires from the motor; and resistance heater and remove heaterRepair bodyshell18Removal from the repaired place layers of paintfrom above10,9scraperRemove from the repaired space-gluing layers of upholstery, sound insulation and corrosion protection with a scraper or knife19Deformed metal removal with the damaged areafrom above10,6Scissors, chisel, hacksawObserve safety20Scraping metal edgesfrom above11,2file, emery wheel, skinCleaned to bright metal edges on the perimeter of the metal scraps21Pattern patchfrom above10,8scissors cutterPatch and carve out a place fit for a fully replaceable parts.22weldingfrom above11,5Gas-electric or gas burner with a fine fillerTo reduce war page weld metal place near the weld should smear raw asbestos.Assembling the body23heater installationfrom above10,6ManuallyHeater installation done in reverse order. After installing the heater and connect all hoses, refill the cooling system and heater.24Mounting console dashboardfrom above10,8manuallyThe mounting bracket to make in reverse order.25Installing the instrument panelfrom above10,5manuallyInstallation of the instrument panel in the reverse order to implement26Replacing the headlinerFrom below, laterally11,2Glue, scissors, cutterremove cover lighting, three handrail above openings and right rear doors, decorative edgings doorways, wall-pillars, brackets inside rear-view mirror and sun visors with visors, windshield and rear window, along with seals, tailgate trim shelves; Slightly moisten the edge of the roof lining gasoline in places gluing and 10-15 min gently separate them from the body; remove headliner together with arcs, bringing the ends of the arcs of holes side rails of the cover. Installation headliner start back. Please install back arc, and then pull the upholstery, consistently setting the rear arc, pulling upholstery, consistently setting the following arc. Before gluing upholstery remove the old glue.27Replacing windshield and rear windowLaterally, from above21,4Blade assembly, glue, mastic.release the seal from the adjacent nodes; to rear disconnect connectors glass. The rest of the order of operations for the windscreen and rear window is the same: to remove the debris of shattered glass seal; carefully wooden click, separate petals seal (around the perimeter of both sides) from the opening of the body and remove the seal; clean and seal the body opening of the old mastic; fill with fresh mastic 51-G-7 slot under glass in the seal; put the seal on the new glass and tuck into a groove seal decorative border; lay in a free slot seal around the perimeter of overlapping mounting cord (solid twisted rope diameter of 4-5mm), leaving the top of the loose ends about 400 mm long; Apply a continuous layer of sealing mastic 3-5 mm vertical opening window ledge; insert glass window opening so that the free ends of the mounting cord were inside the body. Perform this operation together: one person should press on the outside glass consistently in those places, where the skins pulled out, the other pulls the cord inside. Check the tightness of the windscreen, showering glass on the outside and seal water jet. If necessary, additional fluff found gaps with putty.28Installing windowsfrom above20,5Wedge, key 12х13, greaseCarefully place the glass with a holder assembly through the window opening in the door; install guide sliding window and simultaneously make them in glass; raise your glass hands in the uppermost position and hinder it in this position by a wooden wedge; make the door windows and fix it at five points screws; install guide (only for front doors) and fasten bolts top and bottom; fix the rocker bottom screws to the door, whilst ensuring that the slope of the scenes in the vertical plane of the trajectory matched glass; fasten upper connecting link to the glass cage screws; attach the holder to the cage with glass stones. Friction surfaces of both wings and the guide should be lubricated with grease.29adjustment windowfrom above20,4Key 12х13loosen the upper bolts holder, press the glass to the rear chute and fasten bolts; if this is not enough, loosen lower bolts guide 6i move forward until skew glass; Tighten bolts and check the operation window; if necessary, repeat the adjustment. Rotating the control window must be lowered and raised smoothly without jerking and jamming and securely held in any intermediate position.30Replacement and adjustment of the trunk lockfrom above10,3manuallyRelease cravings, get it out of engagement with the drive socket, unscrew the bolt lock and remove the locking rod. Use a screwdriver to disconnect the rod with a tip and then snap it on the replacement lock. Lock installation in the reverse order to check operation of the lock from the drive with the trunk lid open. Why Use a screwdriver to move the cam lock in position "closed", and click the drive. If the lock is open, the control rod is correct, if not, then it is necessary to release cravings, unscrew the tip 2 turns, fix and check again. After checking the boot lid can be closed by checking pre-engagement (contact) snap lock. To replace the drive also must be disconnected from the drive rod, to take her to the side, and by removing the 2 screws, remove the actuator. Make install drive in reverse order. Functional test drive conducted in the following order: put the cam lock to "lock off" the dog must securely hold the cam in engagement; put the drive in the "open".31Installing torsion bars and coversfrom above20,5Adjustable wrench assembly shovelUpon cancellation of the drive on the "open" turn key clockwise by 45 degrees, and by pressing the drive, open the lock.32Mudguard assembly and installationfrom above20,8Key 12х13Mudguard grille assembly and install it in the reverse order33Installing the wingfrom above20,3manuallyTorsions and covers installation and perform the reverse sequence.34Mounting the hood and hood lockfrom above10,8manuallyMudguard grille assembly and install it in the reverse order35Setting bufferfrom above10,3manuallyInstallation in the reverse order36Adjusting door locksfrom above20,6Pencil, key 12х13lead castle in working order; note marker pencil clamp position; secure doors and inspected externally; note ceasing or protrusion of the door; its vertical movements; based on the previous decision on the magnitude and direction of displacement of the lock; unscrew 2-3 turns lock bolts and move it in the right direction; if necessary, repeat the above steps.37Laterally21,2Manually, scissors, cutter.After the necessary repair and adjustment work on the doors and door gaskets installation sites and upholstery in the reverse order verifying the integrity and accuracy of the pre-installation of the seal and sliding window.38Installing door trimFrom above, laterally20,5Allen key, screwdriverDestroyed when removing trim caps replace conditionally, pens with raised glass windows should be installed vertically downwards.39Installation of hinges on the pillarlaterally20,8Allen keyRepaired and greased hinges inserted into slit-like openings in the pillar, combine the previously mentioned risks and tighten bolts and screws.40installation of locksfrom above20,6screwdriverfree links loops into the position corresponding to the maximum opening angle of the door; push the door on the links and loops through the mounting socket hatches tighten bolts. Adjusting the door in the doorway: on the one hand if both doors were removed, then the adjustment is recommended to start with door; lock door lock in the "open" or remove a clamp; loosen 2-3 turns bolts top and bottom hinge to the door; the door is in the open position; adjustment is desirable to conduct reviews; at the bottom of the door opening to put two wooden lining 40x70 mm and 7 mm thick (nominal); gently close the door and adjust its position in the doorway.. ECONOMIC PART


4.1 Calculation of capital cost


Inlet qualification work provides design lift for body area. Main technical characteristics of the projected lift following:load, kN .................................... 160lifting height not less, mm 1600, m / s .................................................... 0,006capacity of the drive, no more .......................... 12 kWdimensions, mm:

one rack ................................................ 1220x1200x2760Coach ................................... 1010x910x1410, kg:

Support for buses .................................................. 80.................................................................. 3313of the proposed lift buses will improve the quality of work in the body section, improve the usability of the work, to reduce the volume of work and mechanize the process of car repairs.investments for the manufacture of lift includes the cost of materials required for the manufacture of the lift installation, and workers' wages, conducting manufacturing; energy costs, etc.above types of costs are summarized in Table 4.1.


Table 4.1expenditures for the manufacture of lift

namePrice per unit, sumNumberAmount, sumracks1251006 pcs750600shock absorber1000806 pcs600480mounting racks250206 pcs150120cylinder racks1203756 pcs722250grounds racks722256 pcs433350Boot rack722256 pcs433350platform rack385206 pcs231120electric wire1926020 пог.м.385200electric motor4333501 pcs433350rubber seal2889024 pcs693360lift lever36112,51 pcs36112,5buttons stand2407,55 pcs12037,5catch1926012 pcs231120electronic screen108337,51 pcs108337,5control lever288901 pcs28890panel stand1444501 pcs144450cotton waste96300,5 кг4815housing481501 pcs48150Energy costs114789,6Salary installation work1869287,726Costs of verification361125TOTAL7792294,826of workers in the manufacture and installation will be:



where Тизгот - complexity of manufacturing the lift; ?chas - hourly wage rate; Nр- the number of workers involved in the manufacture of lift.

tax is calculated by the formula:


СН=7%(ЗП-ПФ)=0,07(1700898,75 - 170089,875)= 107156,62125 sum


where ПФ - pension fund, 10% of the wages;


ПФ=0,1ЗП=0,11700898,75=170089,875 sumcontributions account:


СО=4%(ЗП-ПФ)=0,04(1700898,75 - 170089,875)= 61232,355 sum


Total costs ACM wages in manufacturing lift:

ЗП=1700898,75+107156,62125+61232,355 = 1869287,72625 sumcosts in the manufacture of lift:



where Руст - total installed capacity of the equipment (welding equipment, power tools, air compressor), kWt;

Рэф - Fund effective operating time of equipment, hour;

К3 - equipment load factor for change;

Ксм - shift factor;

? - tariff for e / energy, sum / kWt h;

?- efficiency of the service (?=0,7 ÷ 0,9).

making the lift, according to the safety requirements necessary to check the new equipment. Fees for inspection, according to the current pricelist is 361125 sum.


4.2 Payment of current expenses


Wages repair workers. Repair workers work on time-bonus pay system, but hourly rate earners. From the current practices of companies works for middle grade M and CR is - 3.5 digit. Hourly wage rate ?chas = 8426,25-12037,5 sum, accept ?chas = 8426,25 sum.The basic wage maintenance workers when working with the lift in the Touring Car division was:



where ТТО - volume of work bodywork section, person-hour;

?час - hourly wage rate, sum/hour;basic wage workers to lift introduction:

wages - 10%:



СН=0,07(68215549,5 - 6821554,95)= 4297579,6185 sum

СО=0,04(68215549,5 - 6821554,95)= 2455759,782 summaintenance workers with charges:



where К1- rate premiums, К1 = 1,3;

connection with the introduction of new equipment in the body section - rack lift, increased level of mechanization on average by 20% and, therefore, decreases the volume of work in a body section 8095.6 person-hour to 6746.3 person-hour.basic wage of workers after the introduction of the lift:

wages - 10%:


СН=7%(ЗП-ПФ)=0,07(56846010,375-5684601,0375)= 3581298,65 sum

СО=4%(ЗП-ПФ)=0,04(56846010,375-5684601,0375)= 2046456,37 sum


Payroll maintenance workers with charges:

the cost of electricity. Drive hoist - electric, so the cost of electricity per year calculated by the formula:

charges following the introduction of the lift. Depreciation charges are determined:



where СОБ - the cost of equipment, sum;

ТСЛ - service life, year.the cost of equipment M and CR. Bandwidth costs and TS equipment shall be equal to:


costs of materials. Costs of materials make:



Current costs. Current costs when working with lift amount:



Table 4.2of current expenses before and after the introduction of the lift in Body section

NameUnitValueBefore the introduction ofAfter the introduction of+/-labor contentperson-hour8095,66746,31349,3The number of workers on the shop floorperson431The basic wagesum68215549,556846010,37511369539,125Additional wagessum6821554,9556846011136953,9Wage billsum104301575,286917549,817384025,4Average monthly wagesum2172949,482414376,38-241426,9Energy costssum0114789,6-114789,6depreciation deductionssum0519486,32-519486,32Costs and TSsum0194807,37-194807,37Costs of materialssum077922,95-77922,95current expensessum104301575,287824556,0416477019,16

4.3 Calculation of economic efficiency


Calculate the annual saving running costs of the event due to MC:


С1 - amount of costs to implementation activities, sum;

С2 - amount of costs after the introduction of measures, sum.

Э =104301575,2-87824556,04= 16477019,16 sumperiod is calculated as the lift:



where КВ - capital investments (КВ = 7792294,826 sum - according to table 4.1);

Э - total savings, sum.period lift for buses:

coefficient of effectiveness of capital investments



, the introduction of rack lift for buses to reduce the volume of work by 20% (from 8095.6 man-hour to 6746.3 man-hour) and free one working. By reducing the complexity of work, an additional profit from the difference of current costs to implementation and post-implementation lift in 16477019,16 sum.


. HEALTH AND SAFETY


5.1 security master plan and production building in body section

LLC "Zhizzahavtotransservis" in accordance with the sanitary and epidemiological rules and norms have a smooth surface. For stormwater it is equipped with drainage, guttering and drains. Groundwater level below the depth ditches.LLC "Zhizzahavtotransservis" has two entrance gates. Entrance to the production building is possible with one hand. The area around the production building has concrete cover is kept clean, oiled cotton waste and industrial waste collected in specially designated areas and at the end of work shifts are removed.as an escape gate with gate and swing gates with manual opening and having a gate.and power supply of the bus fleet is carried out from the main lines of urban communications by retracting energy on a separate terminal with centralized.territory covered sources of artificial light at night.LLC "Zhizzahavtotransservis" located within an industrial zone outside the city.territory of the bus fleet landscaped. Green spaces reduce dust and fumes in the environment and reduce the noise level., walkways for people in the territory are paved. Walkways and driveways are watered in summer and winter are cleared of snow.and well-being fitter during repair defined conditions, which are characterized by the parameters of the microclimate in the workroom, state industrial lighting, noise and vibration in the workplace, the presence in the working area of dust and toxic impuritiesconditions are largely determined by the organization of the workplace, working posture, physical and neuropsychological loads (monotony of labor, mental and emotional stress, etc.), psychological climate in the team, the degree of aesthetic production.Maintenance and repair of vehicles are performed only in designated, equipped, fenced and marked places (positions). Jobs and positions in the rooms provide a safe working environment for employees and appropriately protected. Per worker is given not less than 4.5 m2 area and the amount of space not less than 15 m3. Gates open outside working rooms have locks, curtains and vestibules. Entrances to the production facilities run with a slope of not more than 5%. They do not have thresholds, stairs, ledges. Floors in rooms steady and level, are coated with a smooth, non-slip surface, easy to clean.revive the ambient air space for car repairs and general exchange organized by local supply and exhaust ventilation. Exhaust system for vehicles using local pumps.repair shops use of natural, artificial and combined lighting. The lighting in the repair shops satisfies requirements and meets the specifics of the work.sound pressure levels at the workplace locksmiths repair vehicles comply with the requirements, to reduce noise and vibration using various devices (fencing, hanging sound absorbers, silencers, soundproof booths and screens, etc.).for car repairs are very dangerous to fire on, so they are isolated from the parking lot. The premises are provided fire stands. On the stands are the main means of fire (fire extinguishers and tools). Placed boxes with sand or soil.Body section to ensure safe and harmless working maintenance workers, reducing the complexity, improve the quality of implementation of the bodywork of buses conducted in specially equipped positions equipped with electro-mechanical lifts that after lifting the vehicle mounted with special stoppers, various devices, devices, instruments and equipment. Car on the lift to be installed at an angle.prevent electric shock defeat working lifts grounded. Maintenance workers to work "from below" used car individual lighting 220, which are equipped with the necessary safety features. Removing units and parts associated with significant physical stresses inconveniences produced using pullers. Units filled with liquids, previously freed from them, and only after that is removed from the vehicle. Lightweight parts and aggregates are transferred manually, heavy machines weighing more than 20 kg removed from devices and transported on mobile carts., fuel pump, remove the exhaust pipe when the engine is cold. Maintenance workers should enjoy a serviceable tool and equipment, as cars drive the positions of body work its course, body section is provided with a mechanical exhaust ventilation.jobs in body site kept clean, not cluttered with items, equipment, fixtures. In the workplace, car repair mechanic has the necessary equipment, fixtures and tools. All equipment and tools, spare parts and tools are located in close proximity within the reach.


5.2 Heating Safety in the workplace when the body work


Creating a safe and healthy working conditions at each workplace is the main task administration enterprises. Administration is obliged to comply with labor laws, standards, rules and regulations on labor protection, to carry out activities on safety and occupational health.car must possess safe methods to perform basic plumbing operations, rational selection of the necessary tools and appropriate equipment, to be able to use mechanisms, strictly follow the rules and safety requirements, correct use protection when performing certain operations.repair work allowed a person not less than 16 years, and to perform work related to the use of leaded gasoline and repairs batteries, be at least 18 years that have passed a medical examination, shall be adequately trained and trained in safe methods and techniques work directly on the location. When performing manufacturing operations work required to apply safe work practices, train students in these methods, to monitor the implementation of the requirements of labor safety instructions.operation must be careful not to get distracted and not distract others, to prevent the workplace parties unrelated to work. If faulty equipment or tool, you can not work. About noticed shortcomings and faults in the workplace must immediately inform the master and to eliminate them to work not to proceed.in the shop, the worker must:

When driving on the shop floor use only established passages and transitions;

Pay attention to the signal sent from lifting cranes and a moving vehicle;

Do not enter without permission for fencing dangerous places;

Not to cling to a moving vehicle;

Do not touch moving parts and their parts, do not touch the electrical parts, electrical wires (even isolated), cables, bus bars, terminals, lighting patrons, not to step on the floor lying on portable electric wire.


5.3 Analysis of harmful and dangerous production factors in body section


Working conditions at the MC - a collection of industrial environmental factors affecting health and human performance in the labor process. These factors are different in nature, forms, manifestations, nature effects on humans. Among them are a special group of dangerous and harmful production factors. Their knowledge helps to prevent occupational injuries and diseases, to create more favourable conditions of work, thus ensuring his safety.of the causes of occupational injuries puts the task to establish the laws that caused the causes of accidents and to identify specific actions to address them.of occupational injuries can be:

. Organizational reasons. Absence or poor quality briefing and training process violation, poor jobs, violation of work and rest, lower manufacturing discipline clutter walkways and driveways, lack of personal protective equipment, failure or discrepancy overalls working conditions.

. Technical reasons. Imperfection process, equipment malfunction and fixtures, inadequate or improper installation Conveyor, missing or defective fences, imperfection or failure of the service tool, the lack of the correct distances between the machines, benches and plants, hand movement or transport of loads without the use of facilitating devices.

. Sanitation reasons. Abnormal weather conditions (temperature, humidity, wind speed and air pressure, and thermal radiation), air pollution production facilities, poor lighting jobs, passages and territories, noise and vibration, lack of space and poor maintenance of industrial and domestic premises, lack of ventilation, failure to comply with the rules of personal hygiene.hazards and harmful production factors are divided into: moving machinery; moving parts production equipment and technical equipment; moving products, parts, components and materials; increased dust and gas workplace air; hot or cold surfaces of equipment and materials; hot or cold air in the working area; increased noise level in the workplace; elevated levels of vibration; elevated levels of ultrasound and infrasound vibrations; high or low barometric pressure in the working area and an abrupt change; increased or reduced humidity, ionization of the air in the work area; absence or lack of natural light; insufficient illumination of the working area; reduced contrast; increased brightness of light; sharp edges, burrs and roughness on the surfaces of work pieces, tools and all equipment.dangerous and harmful production factors are classified by nature to human exposure to toxic, irritant, sensitizing, carcinogenic, mutagenic, affecting reproductive function, and on pathways in the human body - by penetrating through the respiratory, gastrointestinal tract, skin and mucous membranes.dangerous and harmful production factors vkeyayut following biological objects: pathogens bacteria, viruses, fungi, spirochetes, rickettsiae) and their metabolic products; organisms (plants and animals).dangerous and harmful production factors in character actions are divided into physical and neuro-psychological overload per person. Physical overload divided into static and dynamic, and neuropsychiatric - on mental strain, over-analysers, the monotony of labor, emotional overload.maintenance and current repairs of cars there, dangerous and harmful production factors: moving cars, moving vulnerable elements of the production equipment, increased space gassed by exhaust gases of cars, the danger of electric shock when working with power tools, etc.

. PROTECTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT


.1 Reduction of toxic emissions car emissions by rationing


The share of road transport in air pollution of major cities in recent years has grown considerably and is 40-80%, and the content of toxic substances in the atmosphere of many of them exceed the maximum allowable concentrations are safe for human health. Automotive internal combustion engines pollute the atmosphere with harmful substances, releasing exhaust gases blow-by gases, fuel evaporative emissions 95-99% falls on the exhaust gases is an aerosol of complex composition, depending on the engine speed. Only the products of incomplete combustion contained in the exhaust gases, discovered about 280 components. Group of toxic substances comprise carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxide (NOx), a large group of hydrocarbons (SnHm) paraffins, olefins, and other aroma tiny. Followed aldehydes.the combustion of sulfur fuels produced inorganic gases, sulfur dioxide SO2 and hydrogen sulphide H2S. A special group of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, including benzo most active. In the case of leaded petrol, moreover, produces toxic lead compounds. The main toxic components of gasoline engines are CO, SnHm, NOn and lead compounds; Diesel engines of NOx and soot.and SnHm in the exhaust gases of vehicles with petrol engines in operation must not exceed the values given in Table 6.1.

6.1content of the exhaust gases SnHm gasoline engines

Engine behaviourMaximum permissible CO content, the volume fraction%Prohibitive amount CnHm, the volume fraction of the number of engine cylindersup to 4more than 4nхх min nхх пов1,5 2,01200 6003000 1000

Notes to Table 6.1:хх min - minimum speed of the crankshaft of the engine idling ;хх пов - increased engine speed to idle.and industry standards establishing limits of harmful substances in the exhaust gases of vehicles can be divided into two groups.first group - these are the standards used during acceptance testing before directing vehicles in production.second group - the standards applied in mass production, renovated and in operation.of diesel cars should not exceed the limits specified in Table 6.2.


Table 6.2smoke in diesel engines

Mode measurement of opacityOpacity,% not moreFree acceleration for cars with diesel engines: unsupercharged supercharged Maximum speed 40 50 15and controlled components of the exhaust gas vehicles are the first group of standards CO, CnHm, NOn for gasoline and diesel engines, smoke only for diesels. For the second group of standards CO, CnHm c 01.01.1988 for gasoline engines, the only smoke for diesel engines.


6.2 Environmental protection in the M and diagnostics

problem of environmental protection and rational use of natural resources is one of the major global problems, since its decisions depend on the life on earth, the health and welfare of mankind.year, the world economy throws only in an atmosphere of 350 million tons of carbon monoxide, more than 50 million tons of various hydrocarbons, 120 million tons of ash, 150 million tons of sulphur dioxide. In an atmosphere of carbon dioxide gas is accumulated and at the same time decreases the amount of oxygen. Rapidly growing shortage of fresh water. There has also biological and acoustic (noise) pollution.share of pollution and make MC, especially exploited their cars. The composition includes a vehicle exhaust gas substances such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, various hydrocarbons, sulphur dioxide, a lead compound, carbon black. Only one defective truck with carburettor engine within a year emits 10.8 tons of carbon monoxide. Vehicles are exposed to high noise and electromagnetic radiation.need to protect nature in the constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan. To reduce the harmful effects of MC on the environment in its design, construction and operation must be carried out environment protection activities.the enterprise should be sanitary protection zone with a minimum width of 50 m This area greened and beautify. Green spaces enrich the air with oxygen, absorb carbon dioxide, noise, dust filtration and regulate climate.of harmful emissions as possible focus in the branches on the outskirts of the city.permissible emission of harmful substances into the atmosphere is determined in accordance with GOST 17.2.3.02-78. In this case go from the condition that the concentration of harmful substances in the atmospheric surface layer should not exceed the maximum permissible concentration (MPC).order to maintain the purity of weathering within the rules on the MC provide ventilation and pre-cleaning process emissions and their subsequent dispersion in the atmosphere.emissions engine cars can be achieved maintaining good technical condition of the car. At MC engines should be regulated on the toxicity of smoke and exhaust gases to levels specified by GOST 21393-75 and GOST 17.2.2.03-87*.MC control the operation of vehicles on the CO content and must be carried out at CnHm M-2, after the repair of units, systems and components,the content of CO and CnHm, as well as on demand drivers.of harmful substances into the atmosphere is achieved through fuel savings. The less burnt with fuel, the exhaust gas is less, and thus the toxic components.gas opacity to motor vehicles under free acceleration with naturally aspirated diesel engines should not exceed 40%, with a supercharged 50%.air pollution contributes to transfer vehicles with gasoline (carburetor) diesel engine, the exhaust gases which contains much less carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons.

. CIVIL PROTECTION


7.1 Fire safety

in the enterprise does great harm to agriculture and is often accompanied by accidents with people.fire hazard considered repair shops, so they should be placed in isolated areas of the parking lot.interference immediate evacuation of people, property and maintenance of a fire-fighting are strictly prohibited:

Block undeveloped territory Enterprise defective parts and other items for free access to fire hydrants running water to places of fire equipment and equipment for emergency gate;

Serve a number of vehicles that exceed the design capacity of the diagnostic station.areas for maintenance and diagnostics of vehicles is prohibited:

Smoking;

Use open fire;

To repair vehicles with tanks filled with fuel;

Store fuel and kerosene in quantities exceeding the replacement demand;

Store the empties out of fuel and lubricants.addition, these areas must be carefully cleaning after work each shift, oil spills and clean fuel with sand, collect used cleaning materials, store them in metal boxes with lids and after the change to take them in a timely and safe to fire on place to organize storage of spent oils and grease in underground tanks or in basements.effective fire fighting equipment any fire seen in a timely manner and not widely spread, can be quickly eliminated. Therefore, for body area and need to take to install two fire shield, two boxes with dry sifted sand capacity of 0.5 m3. In each room to repair and body plot has extinguishers. In each room for repair and M in the area include carbon dioxide extinguishers OU5 (VVK3, 5), portable container for up to 5 litters (3.5 kilograms). Total number of fire extinguishers in Engineering building MC 23 pieces, in an office building - 18 pieces.


7.2 Fire safety in the zone M

our country, fire safety is a national priority. For its implementation are responsible leaders of the Soviet and economic agencies. Provided that the provision of fire protection of cities and other human settlements, economic facilities is essential.of the state fire supervision in our country are assigned to the Department of Fire Protection Ministry of Internal Affairs of Uzbekistan and its peripheral organs. In accordance with the Regulation on state fire supervision supervisors: develop and publish rules, regulations and technical standards for fire safety, and systematically monitor their implementation; monitor the implementation of the fire safety requirements of all enterprises and institutions as well as individuals; monitor and check the combat readiness of fire units and the condition of fire alarm and fire in all departments, institutions organizations.fire caused great material damage and is often accompanied by accidents with people. Major causes of fires in the MC are careless with fire, violation of fire safety in welding and other hot work, improper use of electrical fault heaters and heat treatment furnaces, violation of operating the device for heating the car, violation of fire safety and battery painting works etc.operating the rolling stock the most common causes of fires are faulty electrical car, not the tightness of supply Leakage of gas equipment for natural gas vehicles, the accumulation of dirt on the engines, etc.of fires - one of the most important conditions for fire safety at MC. Fire safety MC must meet the requirements of GOST 12.1.004-85 building codes and regulations, fire safety standard for industrial fire safety rules for road transport enterprises public Uzbekistan.territory must be kept clean and cleared out of industrial waste. Oiled cotton waste and industrial waste should be collected in designated places, and at the end of work to remove.fuel and lubricants should immediately remove. Driveway entrances, driveways to buildings and fire water sources, fire breaks between the buildings, structures and approaches to fighting equipment and equipment must be kept clear.prevent fire near the parking places and storage of flammable materials are not allowed to smoke or use an open flame. To prevent fire in the premises installed ventilation system with fans and regulators sparking. The room must be equipped with fire extinguishers, sand and fire shield.


increase the efficiency of activity of LLS "Jizzakhavtotransservis" and success in the future, it was suggested the introduction of the following measures:of MC production building sites with the location of existing data and the number of cars;and introduction of a 6-rack lift buses with placing it in touring car section.drawings were offered lifts, describes the principle of the lift, the main characteristics of the lift, the lift describes possible faults and remedies.calculations can be said that these measures are effective in improving MC production activities and reduce production costs.particular event to introduce the lift will reduce the complexity of work performed by 20% and reduce the production costs of the bodywork on sum 16,477,019.16 per year.



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.htCM://www.natlib.uz/ <http://www.natlib.uz/>

40.htCM://www.gov.uz/en/other_institutions/others/1613 <http://www.gov.uz/en/other_institutions/others/1613>


CONTENTS INTRODUCTION. ORGANIZATIONAL PART .1 Feasibility study .2 Analysis of rolling stock LLC "Otabeksupertrans» (LLC «Zhizzahavt

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